Theoretical and legal foundations of the implementation of foreign models of police administrative supervision as a strategic preventive mechanism: a comparative discourse and vectors of adaptation in the national law system of Ukraine

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comprehensive study of the theoretical and legal foundations for the implementation of foreign models of police administrative supervision as a strategic preventive mechanism within the process of reforming the National Police of Ukraine. The author aims to substantiate the feasibility and necessity of adapting advanced international practices in the field of police supervision to the national legal system, taking into account the principles of the rule of law, respect for human rights and freedoms, and modern public security challenges.

The methodological framework of the study is based on a combination of general scientific and special legal methods. The comparative legal method is used to examine administrative supervision models functioning in countries such as Germany, Poland, the United States. The formal-logical method supports the definition of core legal categories, while the systemic method helps analyze the internal structure of police supervision within the Ukrainian legal framework. The constructive method is applied to develop proposals for improving the national legislation.

The study finds that the institution of administrative supervision in Ukraine remains underdeveloped and lacks coherent legal regulation. The existing normative framework is fragmented, inconsistent, and fails to provide clear procedures or legal guarantees, thereby hindering effective law enforcement practice and limiting public and judicial oversight. In contrast, foreign models demonstrate a well-structured and transparent approach to administrative police control, grounded in accountability, legality, and procedural safeguards for human rights protection.

In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need to implement selected elements of international models into Ukrainian legislation. This includes the development and adoption of a dedicated legislative act regulating the grounds, limits, and procedures for administrative police supervision. It is also necessary to establish clear accountability mechanisms, enhance public oversight instruments, improve the professional training of police personnel, and introduce digital tools to ensure lawful and effective supervisory practices. The author concludes that only a comprehensive legal reform of the administrative supervision institution, based on the principles of legality, transparency, proportionality, and legal certainty, can ensure its successful transformation into a functional preventive mechanism within Ukraine’s legal system