Energy security as a key factor in shaping the new security architecture in the European region

Abstract

In the conditions of increased global turbulence and rethinking of the strategic principles of security in Europe, the issue of energy stability is gaining systemic importance. Modern energy policy ceases to be only an economic sphere, turning into a tool of geopolitical influence, a factor of regional stability and the basis of a new security architecture. The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate the role of energy security as a system-forming factor in the formation of a new security architecture in the European region. The article examines the conceptual foundations of the relationship between energy stability, political processes and regional security. The research methodology is based on systemic, structural-functional and comparative approaches, which made it possible to comprehensively analyze the energy challenges caused by the geopolitical transformation of Europe.

The results. It was determined that the modern architecture of European security is in a phase of fundamental reconstruction, where the energy sphere is a key vector of strategic interdependence of states. The main groups of threats to energy security have been identified - geopolitical, economic, technological, environmental and social, which form a multi-level matrix of risks. A structural-functional model of the relationship between energy security and the architecture of regional stability is proposed, which reflects the integration of political, economic, technological and security dimensions into a single system. The strategic directions of strengthening Europe's energy sustainability through the diversification of sources, the development of renewable technologies, institutional integration and the expansion of energy diplomacy are substantiated. Conclusions. Energy security is considered a fundamental element of the new European security architecture. Its provision is impossible without coordinated actions between the EU, NATO and partner states, among which Ukraine occupies a key place. The results of the research are of practical importance for the development of strategic documents in the field of energy policy, regional stability and European integration processes.