The Islamic Factor in the Domestic and Foreign Policies of States in the Middle East

Abstract

This article explores the role of Islam in shaping the foreign and domestic policies of Middle Eastern countries, as well as in shaping identity, socio-political opinion, and population consolidation. The aim of the study is to comprehensively analyze the role played by Islam and religion in general in shaping the domestic and foreign policies of Middle Eastern countries, as well as the extent and main mechanisms of its influence on regional political processes, the security situation, the regional security system, and international relations.

The following methods were used in the course of the study: historical, comparative, analysis, synthesis, and case study.

As a result of the study, the religious dimension of international relations in the Middle East was examined and subjected to comprehensive analysis, and the main forms of Islam's influence on the domestic and foreign policies of countries in the region and on the security situation were identified – from the legitimization of power to the mobilization of human resources, public opinion, and the development of foreign policy strategies.

The study demonstrated that the Islamic factor is a key element that significantly determines both the domestic and foreign policies of Middle Eastern countries. In addition, the study found that Islamic movements and ideologies play an important role in shaping political identity and regional alliances, influencing the geopolitical balance in the region. Thus, the Islamic factor acts as a dynamic and multidimensional factor that requires a comprehensive approach to understand its role in contemporary politics of the Middle Eastern states at different levels.